The commonly used bond for diamond abrasive tools and cubic boron nitride abrasive tools include resin bond, ceramic bond, metal bond and electroplated metal bond. Metal bonds include bronze bond, cast iron bond and cast iron short fiber bond. Its performance is different from the scope of application, and the order of adhesion and wear resistance is as follows.

1.Resin Bond

It uses thermoplastic phenolic resin as the main material of the binder, and some use epoxy resin and polyimide resin as the main material, and add a certain amount of filler, such as chromium oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, copper powder, graphite, corundum Abrasives, silicon carbide abrasives, etc., are fully mixed with super-hard abrasives at a certain concentration, and then heated and pressurized in the mold to form. In super-hard abrasives, the proportion of resin bond is about more than half.

The bonding strength of the resin bond to the abrasive is weak, so it has good self-sharpening during grinding, not easy to block, high grinding efficiency, low grinding force, low grinding temperature, and the bond itself has a certain elasticity, so there is a certain degree of polishing The surface quality is good, so the resin bond super-hard abrasive abrasive has a wide range of applications. Mainly used in occasions requiring high grinding efficiency and low surface roughness value. Its disadvantages are poor wear resistance and large abrasive wear, which is not suitable for heavy-duty grinding. Resin diamond grinding wheels are often used for semi-finishing and fine grinding of cemented carbide and non-metallic materials. Resin cubic boron nitride abrasive tools are mainly used for semi-precision grinding and precision grinding of high-vanadium high-speed steel, tool steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant alloy and other materials.

2.Ceramic Bond

The wear resistance and bonding ability of ceramic bond super-hard abrasives are better than resin bond super-abrasives. The cutting is sharp and the grinding efficiency is high. It is not easy to generate heat and blockage during the grinding process, and the thermal expansion is small. It is easy to control the processing accuracy. It is easier to trim. It is generally used for rough grinding, semi-finish grinding and forming grinding with large contact surface. Its disadvantage is that the grinding surface roughness value is relatively large, and it is difficult to manufacture. The ceramic bond CBN grinding wheel is used in ball screws, guide rails, gears, and bearings. , Crankshafts, camshafts, titanium alloy grinding applications are expanding.

3.Metal Bond(Bronze,Cast iron,etc.)

Bronze bond has high strength, good wear resistance, less wear, long service life, good shape retention, low grinding cost, and can withstand larger loads, but has poor self-sharpening, easy to block, heat, and difficult to repair . Bronze bond diamond abrasive tools are mainly used for coarse and fine grinding of non-metallic hard and brittle materials such as glass, ceramics, stone, concrete, semiconductor materials and other processes. Bronze bond cubic boron nitride abrasive tools are mostly used for honing alloy steel workpiece materials, and the effect is remarkable.

In order to improve the self-sharpening of the bronze bond super-hard abrasives, some add tin content to reduce the copper content; some add a certain amount of ceramic to the bronze bond and sinter together to increase the brittleness of some bond , This bonding agent also becomes a cermet bonding agent. Add a certain amount of conductive material such as silver powder to the bronze bond, which is specially used for electrolytic grinding. In addition to adding silver, some bronze bonding agents also add chemical compounds such as polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent abrasive debris from sticking to the super-hard abrasive to improve the grinding effect.

4.Electroplated metal bond

It is made of single-layer or multi-layer super-hard abrasives with a grain size of 80#~W40 on the metal substrate with metallic nickel and silver as materials. The electroplating process of the domestic trial-produced 200m/s electroplated CBN ultra-high-speed grinding wheel is: the preparation of the substrate and the abrasive, the preparation of the plating solution, the coarse sand and the electroplating (pre-plating and thickening), and post-plating treatment. The electroplating solution is prepared with Watt nickel as the base solution and a solution containing cobalt ions. The composition of the electroplating solution is as follows:

The operating conditions are as follows: the pH of the electroplating solution is 4.0~4.5; the temperature is 45~60℃; the current density is 1~4A/dm2.

Electroplated metal bond on the surface of the super hard abrasive tool, the grinding particle density is high, grinding particles are basically exposed to the surface of the bond, so the grinding particle on the working surface of the tool has a sharp edge, grinding efficiency is high. The cubic boron nitride abrasive tool with electroplated metal bond is used to process the small holes of all kinds of steel parts, which has high grinding efficiency, good economy and good machining effect.

The grinding wheel made of diamond and cubic boron nitride coated with a single layer of metal on the steel wheel is not only the only tool suitable for ultra-high speed grinding, but also an effective way to solve the high precision complex shape forming grinding.